Cheat The System, How To Pay Your Mortgage Off Early

New data shows that nearly 40 percent of all homes in the United States are owned free and clear, with “the highest share” in West Virginia at 54%,” reported Bloomberg.com “Maryland and the District of Columbia were on the other end of the spectrum with rates of 27% and 24%, respectively.”

When many a real estate dream is focused on the idea of buying a home and staying just long enough to earn enough equity to move up to something bigger and better, this may come as somewhat of a surprise. If you have considered the idea of buying a forever home (or if you’re already there!) and want to be amongst the almost 40 percent of owners living mortgage free, there are some tips that can help you move toward that zero balance.

Switch to biweekly payments
Say your mortgage payment is $2,000. Pay it once per month, and you’re paying $24,000 per year. Switch to biweekly payments of $1,000 every two weeks, and you end up paying $26,000 for the year. That adds up.

“This will have the nearly the same impact on your budget as one monthly payment, but because there are 52 weeks in a year, a biweekly payment schedule will result in 13 full-sized payments a year instead of the normal 12,” said The Motley Fool. You'll be making an entire extra payment every year without having to scrounge around for the extra money. To look at some real-life numbers, if you have a 30-year $200,000 mortgage at an interest rate of 5%, making biweekly instead of monthly payments would save you $34,328 in interest and allow you to pay off the loan almost five years early.”

Make extra principal payments
Especially in the early years of your mortgage, your payments are likely to be mostly interest. But you can eat away at your principal by making an extra "principal only" payment. “The benefit of paying additional principal on a mortgage isn’t just in reducing the monthly interest expense a tiny bit at a time,” said Bankrate. “It comes from paying down your outstanding loan balance with additional mortgage principal payments, which slashes the total interest you’ll owe over the life of the loan.”

Let’s use their example of a $120,000 mortgage at a 4.5 percent interest rate, with monthly principal and interest of $608.02. Pay an extra $25 principal payment every month and you can save more than $9,000 in interest over the life of the loan.

You’ll want to make sure you’re allowed to make these extra principal payments per the terms of your loan, however. “Check with your mortgage company first,” said Dave Ramsey. “Some companies only accept extra payments at specific times or may charge prepayment penalties.”

Refinance into a shorter-term loan
Can you swing a higher monthly payment? Refinancing out of a 30-year mortgage to a 15-term can save you an enormous amount of money. “A mortgage amount of $250,000 over 30 years at a rate of 4% would cost $429,674 in principal and interest payments by the end of the term,” said Investopedia. “The total interest would be $179,674 for borrowing for 30 years. The same loan amount and interest rate over 15 years would cost $332,860 by the end of the term. Total interest would be $82,860 for borrowing for 15 years. At 4%, you'd pay only about 46% of the total interest for a 15-year than you'd pay for the 30-year.”

There is a secondary benefit to refinancing to a shorter term; these rates are typically lower. At press time, Wells Fargo’s 30-year fixed mortgage rate was 3.875%, while the 15-year fixed rate was 3.125%.

Make small sacrifices
“Other small sacrifices can go a long way to help pay off your mortgage early,” said Dave Ramsey. “How much could you save if you took your Starbucks money and added it to your mortgage payment each month? According to the Acorns Money Matters Report, the average American spends $3 per day on their coffee. That’s around $90 a month added to your mortgage payments—which will save you $25,000 in interest and four years on the life of your loan!”

Low Home Appraisal Valuation: Now What?

In seller's markets, multiple offer situations often drive up

the purchase price higher than any comparable sales in the area, so sellers worry the appraisals will come in low. In buyer's markets, when prices are soft or falling, sellers are also concerned that the home will bring a low appraisal. Low appraisals can happen in any marketplace: hot, cold or neutral.

Why Do Low Appraisals Happen?

There are a number of reasons why appraisals come in low. Here are a few:

• Artificially inflated prices resulting from multiple offers.

• Declining market values due to fewer buyers shopping among a larger inventory of homes.

• Fallout from an abundance of foreclosure or short sales in the neighborhood, especially when no other comparable sales exist.

• Incorrect evaluation by the underwriter.

• Overpricing by the seller.

• Inexperienced appraiser who doesn't understand influences on value.

• Appraiser overlooked pending sale data, which could reflect higher comparable sales when closed, or the appraiser selected comparable sales from the wrong neighborhoods.

• Buyer receives cash back from the seller, causing lender to believe the price has been inflated.

• One factor that does not come into play is whether the lender wants to make the loan. Lenders want to lend money, and lenders are prohibited from redlining.

Solutions for Low Appraisals

Don't panic if the appraisal comes in low. It's tough to remain calm when it appears the pending sale will fall apart, but both parties have options:

1. Reduce the price of the house to the appraised value

As the seller, you can always sell the house at the appraised value without negotiating with anyone. This is the fastest way to “recover” from a low appraisal, but it could mean leaving money on the table. (And that’s always hard to swallow.)

2. Have the buyer make up the difference

In some cases, the buyer will have enough cash on hand to cover the difference between the appraisal and the selling price at closing. If the buyer feels confident that the value is there for her — despite the appraisal — she can simply add cash to the down payment, and the lender should be satisfied.

3. Meet in the middle

If both parties still want the sale to go through, it could make sense to split the difference, with the seller dropping the price a bit and the buyer adding cash to the down payment.

For example, if the difference between the sales price and the appraised value is $10,000, the seller could lower the price by $5,000 and get the buyer to bring another $5,000 to closing. This solution depends entirely on the relative willingness and financial positions of the two parties.

4. Challenge the appraisal

This option is a bit of a long shot. Only the appraiser’s client — the lender — can demand a review of the appraisal, and only the buyer can request a review or a second appraisal.

As the seller, you can support the buyer in this effort by sharing the competitive market analysis that you received from your agent or by giving her the results of an independent appraisal, if you have one. You also can offer to split the cost of a second appraisal if the lender agrees.

This route has long odds because the decision is ultimately up to the lender, and the lender doesn’t have the same investment in the transaction that the buyer and seller have. If the lender doesn’t have a compelling reason to doubt the appraisal, then that tends to be the end of the line. (In my experience, only a small percentage of these requests are granted.)

5. Put the house back on the market

If the buyer can’t or won’t put more money down, and you’re not interested in reducing the price, you can take your chances by allowing the deal to fall through and putting the house back on the market.

This can be disappointing to everyone involved. But if you’re in this situation because multiple offers brought the offer price above the asking price, then it might not be a bad way to go. You could get lucky and receive a cash offer when your agent relists the home. In that scenario, the appraisal won’t be an issue. Plus, even without the cash offer, another lender’s appraiser could have a more favorable point of view.

When considering scrapping your deal, don’t forget that at this point your house has been off the market for several weeks and you’re putting yourself that much farther from a closed sale.

This is where your agent is especially helpful. Your agent understands what the market is doing and can clarify your options so you can make the best decision for that moment.